Useful Tree Species for Eastern Africa
a species selection tool based on the VECEA Map
Termitaria vegetation (T)
Description
Termite mounds that are more than a metre in diameter are usually covered with dense thickets, unless they have been newly built or are in the final stages of erosion. The species composition of these thickets is completely different from that on the surrounding soil. This pattern is particularly true for the Zambezian region where the flora of termite-mound thickets is extremely high (with more than 700 woody species occurring in this habitat in Zambia alone; White 1983 p. 98).
In the Zambezian region, the flat valley bottoms of larger rivers are usually flooded annually or at least seasonally waterlogged. Where the flood water is shallow, “bush-group” grassland often occurs extensively; this is a mosaic of pure grassland and termite-mound thicket (White 1983 p. 100).
C. Dudley; Figure 8.1 in VECEA Volume 4
Plant species
The main species recorded to occur within this vegetation type are listed below. Clicking the name of any of these species will open the page for that species on the Agroforestry Species Switchboard. Between brackets the English vernacular name of the species and the documented country distribution of the species (B=Burundi, E=Ethiopia, K=Kenya, M=Malawi, R=Rwanda, T=Tanzania, U=Uganda, Z=Zambia) is provided.
Based on information on species presence in national manifestations of vegetation types, each species was classified as a regionally dominant, characteristic, present or marginal species for a vegetation type (Read more ...)
- Dominant - if the regional documentation classified the species as dominant.
- Characteristic - if the species was documented to be characteristic for at least half of all the national manifestations of the vegetation type and if the species was characteristic in at least two national manifestations of the vegetation type. Species were always classified as characteristic if the species was a regional indicator or regional characteristic species for the vegetation type.
- Present - if the species was documented to be characteristic in at least one of the national manifestations of the vegetation type or if the species was documented to be present in a least half of all the national manifestations of the vegetation type. Species that were already listed as characteristic were excluded.
- Marginal distribution - if some of the national documentation listed the species, but where the species was not included as characteristic or present.
- Characteristic species
- Species present Acacia nigrescens (Knobthorn, MTZ), Albizia amara (Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Albizia anthelmintica (Worm-bark false thorn, EKMTUZ), Allophylus africanus (BEKMRTUZ), Apodytes dimidiata (Pear wood, BEKMRTUZ), Boscia angustifolia (EKMRTUZ), Carissa spinarum (Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Cassia abbreviata (Long-pod cassia, KMTZ), Combretum imberbe (Leadwood, MTZ), Combretum molle (Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Dalbergia melanoxylon (African blackwood, EKMTUZ), Diospyros bussei (KT), Diospyros consolatae (KT), Diospyros lycioides (Red star-apple, MZ), Diospyros mespiliformis (African ebony, BEKMTUZ), Dobera glabra (EKUZ), Erythrina abyssinica (Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Erythrophleum suaveolens (Sasswood tree, KMTUZ), Euclea natalensis (Large leaved guarri, KMTZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Flueggea virosa (Simpleleaf bushweed, BEKMRTUZ), Garcinia livingstonei (African mangosteen, EKMTUZ), Grewia bicolor (Bastard brandy bush, BEKMRTUZ), Kirkia acuminata (White syringa, MTZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (False marula, EKMRTUZ), Markhamia zanzibarica (Bell bean tree, KMTUZ), Parinari curatellifolia (Mobola plum, BKMRTUZ), Peltophorum africanum (African false wattle, MZ), Rhoicissus tridentata (BEKMRTUZ), Sideroxylon inerme (White milkwood, KTZ), Steganotaenia araliacea (Carrot tree, BEKMRTUZ), Sterculia africana (African star chestnut, EKMTZ), Sterculia quinqueloba (Large-leaved star chestnut, BMRTZ), Strychnos potatorum (Grape strychnos, BMRZ), Syzygium cordatum (Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Syzygium guineense (Guinea waterberry, BEKMRTUZ), Tamarindus indica (Tamarind, BEKMTUZ), Azanza garckeana (Snot apple, KMTZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ)
- Marginal species (occurrence less certain) Abutilon angulatum (Elephant's ear, BEMRUZ), Acacia gerrardii (Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Antidesma venosum (Tassel berry, BEKMTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Bauhinia petersiana (White bauhinia, MTZ), Berchemia discolor (Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Boscia salicifolia (Willow-leaved boscia, EKMTUZ), Capparis tomentosa (Woolly caper-bush, BEKMRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Dombeya kirkii (EKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Entandrophragma caudatum (Mountain mahogany, MZ), Euclea divinorum (Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea racemosa (Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Ficus sycomorus (Sycamore fig, BEKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Kigelia africana (Sausage tree, BEKMRTUZ), Landolphia kirkii (Zanzibar-rubber, BKMTZ), Lannea discolor (Live-long lannea, MZ), Lonchocarpus capassa (Rain tree, MTZ), Margaritaria discoidea (Bushveld peacock-berry, BEKMTUZ), Markhamia obtusifolia (Golden bean tree, BKMRTZ), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Olea europaea (African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Oncoba spinosa (Fried egg tree, BEKMTUZ), Oxytenanthera abyssinica (Lowland bamboo, BEMTUZ), Phoenix reclinata (Wild date palm, BEKMRTUZ), Phytolacca dodecandra (African soap berry, BEKMRTUZ), Piliostigma thonningii (Camel's foot, BEKMRTUZ), Psydrax parviflora (Lady of the night, EKMRTUZ), Pterocarpus angolensis (African teak, MTZ), Schinziophyton rautanenii (Manketti tree, MTZ), Rhus tenuinervis (Rolled-leaf currant, EKMTZ), Senna singueana (Scrambled egg, EKMRTUZ), Strychnos lucens (BMRTZ), Uapaca kirkiana (Wild loquat, BMTZ), Uapaca nitida (BMTZ), Uapaca sansibarica (BMTUZ), Vitex doniana (Black plum, BEKMRTUZ), Ximenia americana (False sandalwood, BEKMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ)
Products and environmental services of tree species
Documented products and environmental services for the tree species occurring in this vegetation type (T) are listed below. Clicking the name of any of these species will open the page for that species on the Agroforestry Species Switchboard. Between brackets information is given on the status of each species ('dom' indicates dominant species, 'cha' characteristic species, 'pre' other species and 'mar' species of marginal occurrence), the English vernacular name of the species and the documented country distribution of the species (B=Burundi, E=Ethiopia, K=Kenya, M=Malawi, R=Rwanda, T=Tanzania, U=Uganda, Z=Zambia).
Wood
- Firewood Colophospermum mopane (Cha, Mopane, MZ), Manilkara mochisia (Cha, Milk berry, KMTZ), Albizia amara (Pre, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Albizia anthelmintica (Pre, Worm-bark false thorn, EKMTUZ), Allophylus africanus (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Apodytes dimidiata (Pre, Pear wood, BEKMRTUZ), Carissa spinarum (Pre, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Cassia abbreviata (Pre, Long-pod cassia, KMTZ), Combretum molle (Pre, Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Dalbergia melanoxylon (Pre, African blackwood, EKMTUZ), Diospyros mespiliformis (Pre, African ebony, BEKMTUZ), Dobera glabra (Pre, EKUZ), Erythrina abyssinica (Pre, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Erythrophleum suaveolens (Pre, Sasswood tree, KMTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Pre, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Flueggea virosa (Pre, Simpleleaf bushweed, BEKMRTUZ), Garcinia livingstonei (Pre, African mangosteen, EKMTUZ), Grewia bicolor (Pre, Bastard brandy bush, BEKMRTUZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Pre, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Parinari curatellifolia (Pre, Mobola plum, BKMRTUZ), Steganotaenia araliacea (Pre, Carrot tree, BEKMRTUZ), Sterculia africana (Pre, African star chestnut, EKMTZ), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Syzygium guineense (Pre, Guinea waterberry, BEKMRTUZ), Tamarindus indica (Pre, Tamarind, BEKMTUZ), Azanza garckeana (Pre, Snot apple, KMTZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Pre, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia gerrardii (Mar, Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Antidesma venosum (Mar, Tassel berry, BEKMTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Mar, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Boscia salicifolia (Mar, Willow-leaved boscia, EKMTUZ), Capparis tomentosa (Mar, Woolly caper-bush, BEKMRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Mar, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Dombeya kirkii (Mar, EKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Mar, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea racemosa (Mar, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Ficus sycomorus (Mar, Sycamore fig, BEKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Mar, Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Kigelia africana (Mar, Sausage tree, BEKMRTUZ), Lonchocarpus capassa (Mar, Rain tree, MTZ), Margaritaria discoidea (Mar, Bushveld peacock-berry, BEKMTUZ), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Mar, Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Olea europaea (Mar, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Oncoba spinosa (Mar, Fried egg tree, BEKMTUZ), Phoenix reclinata (Mar, Wild date palm, BEKMRTUZ), Piliostigma thonningii (Mar, Camel's foot, BEKMRTUZ), Psydrax parviflora (Mar, Lady of the night, EKMRTUZ), Pterocarpus angolensis (Mar, African teak, MTZ), Rhus tenuinervis (Mar, Rolled-leaf currant, EKMTZ), Senna singueana (Mar, Scrambled egg, EKMRTUZ), Strychnos lucens (Mar, BMRTZ), Uapaca kirkiana (Mar, Wild loquat, BMTZ), Uapaca nitida (Mar, BMTZ), Uapaca sansibarica (Mar, BMTUZ), Vitex doniana (Mar, Black plum, BEKMRTUZ), Ximenia americana (Mar, False sandalwood, BEKMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Mar, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ)
- Charcoal Colophospermum mopane (Cha, Mopane, MZ), Manilkara mochisia (Cha, Milk berry, KMTZ), Albizia amara (Pre, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Apodytes dimidiata (Pre, Pear wood, BEKMRTUZ), Combretum molle (Pre, Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Dalbergia melanoxylon (Pre, African blackwood, EKMTUZ), Diospyros mespiliformis (Pre, African ebony, BEKMTUZ), Erythrophleum suaveolens (Pre, Sasswood tree, KMTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Pre, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Flueggea virosa (Pre, Simpleleaf bushweed, BEKMRTUZ), Grewia bicolor (Pre, Bastard brandy bush, BEKMRTUZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Pre, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Parinari curatellifolia (Pre, Mobola plum, BKMRTUZ), Sterculia africana (Pre, African star chestnut, EKMTZ), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Syzygium guineense (Pre, Guinea waterberry, BEKMRTUZ), Tamarindus indica (Pre, Tamarind, BEKMTUZ), Azanza garckeana (Pre, Snot apple, KMTZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Pre, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia gerrardii (Mar, Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Mar, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Mar, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Dombeya kirkii (Mar, EKMRTUZ), Ficus sycomorus (Mar, Sycamore fig, BEKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Mar, Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Kigelia africana (Mar, Sausage tree, BEKMRTUZ), Margaritaria discoidea (Mar, Bushveld peacock-berry, BEKMTUZ), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Mar, Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Olea europaea (Mar, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Phoenix reclinata (Mar, Wild date palm, BEKMRTUZ), Piliostigma thonningii (Mar, Camel's foot, BEKMRTUZ), Psydrax parviflora (Mar, Lady of the night, EKMRTUZ), Pterocarpus angolensis (Mar, African teak, MTZ), Rhus tenuinervis (Mar, Rolled-leaf currant, EKMTZ), Strychnos lucens (Mar, BMRTZ), Uapaca kirkiana (Mar, Wild loquat, BMTZ), Vitex doniana (Mar, Black plum, BEKMRTUZ), Ximenia americana (Mar, False sandalwood, BEKMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Mar, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ)
- Timber, Furniture, Construction Colophospermum mopane (Cha, Mopane, MZ), Manilkara mochisia (Cha, Milk berry, KMTZ), Albizia amara (Pre, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Albizia anthelmintica (Pre, Worm-bark false thorn, EKMTUZ), Apodytes dimidiata (Pre, Pear wood, BEKMRTUZ), Boscia angustifolia (Pre, EKMRTUZ), Cassia abbreviata (Pre, Long-pod cassia, KMTZ), Combretum molle (Pre, Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Dalbergia melanoxylon (Pre, African blackwood, EKMTUZ), Diospyros mespiliformis (Pre, African ebony, BEKMTUZ), Dobera glabra (Pre, EKUZ), Erythrina abyssinica (Pre, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Erythrophleum suaveolens (Pre, Sasswood tree, KMTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Pre, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Flueggea virosa (Pre, Simpleleaf bushweed, BEKMRTUZ), Grewia bicolor (Pre, Bastard brandy bush, BEKMRTUZ), Kirkia acuminata (Pre, White syringa, MTZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Pre, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Parinari curatellifolia (Pre, Mobola plum, BKMRTUZ), Sideroxylon inerme (Pre, White milkwood, KTZ), Sterculia africana (Pre, African star chestnut, EKMTZ), Sterculia quinqueloba (Pre, Large-leaved star chestnut, BMRTZ), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Syzygium guineense (Pre, Guinea waterberry, BEKMRTUZ), Tamarindus indica (Pre, Tamarind, BEKMTUZ), Azanza garckeana (Pre, Snot apple, KMTZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Pre, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia gerrardii (Mar, Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Mar, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Dombeya kirkii (Mar, EKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Mar, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Ficus sycomorus (Mar, Sycamore fig, BEKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Mar, Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Kigelia africana (Mar, Sausage tree, BEKMRTUZ), Lonchocarpus capassa (Mar, Rain tree, MTZ), Margaritaria discoidea (Mar, Bushveld peacock-berry, BEKMTUZ), Markhamia obtusifolia (Mar, Golden bean tree, BKMRTZ), Olea europaea (Mar, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Oncoba spinosa (Mar, Fried egg tree, BEKMTUZ), Phoenix reclinata (Mar, Wild date palm, BEKMRTUZ), Piliostigma thonningii (Mar, Camel's foot, BEKMRTUZ), Psydrax parviflora (Mar, Lady of the night, EKMRTUZ), Pterocarpus angolensis (Mar, African teak, MTZ), Uapaca kirkiana (Mar, Wild loquat, BMTZ), Uapaca nitida (Mar, BMTZ), Vitex doniana (Mar, Black plum, BEKMRTUZ), Ximenia americana (Mar, False sandalwood, BEKMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Mar, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ)
- Poles, Posts Colophospermum mopane (Cha, Mopane, MZ), Manilkara mochisia (Cha, Milk berry, KMTZ), Albizia amara (Pre, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Allophylus africanus (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Cassia abbreviata (Pre, Long-pod cassia, KMTZ), Combretum imberbe (Pre, Leadwood, MTZ), Combretum molle (Pre, Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Dalbergia melanoxylon (Pre, African blackwood, EKMTUZ), Garcinia livingstonei (Pre, African mangosteen, EKMTUZ), Grewia bicolor (Pre, Bastard brandy bush, BEKMRTUZ), Parinari curatellifolia (Pre, Mobola plum, BKMRTUZ), Sideroxylon inerme (Pre, White milkwood, KTZ), Syzygium guineense (Pre, Guinea waterberry, BEKMRTUZ), Tamarindus indica (Pre, Tamarind, BEKMTUZ), Azanza garckeana (Pre, Snot apple, KMTZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Pre, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia gerrardii (Mar, Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Mar, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Boscia salicifolia (Mar, Willow-leaved boscia, EKMTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Mar, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Dombeya kirkii (Mar, EKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Mar, Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Kigelia africana (Mar, Sausage tree, BEKMRTUZ), Lannea discolor (Mar, Live-long lannea, MZ), Margaritaria discoidea (Mar, Bushveld peacock-berry, BEKMTUZ), Markhamia obtusifolia (Mar, Golden bean tree, BKMRTZ), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Mar, Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Olea europaea (Mar, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Oxytenanthera abyssinica (Mar, Lowland bamboo, BEMTUZ), Phoenix reclinata (Mar, Wild date palm, BEKMRTUZ), Piliostigma thonningii (Mar, Camel's foot, BEKMRTUZ), Psydrax parviflora (Mar, Lady of the night, EKMRTUZ), Pterocarpus angolensis (Mar, African teak, MTZ), Strychnos lucens (Mar, BMRTZ), Uapaca kirkiana (Mar, Wild loquat, BMTZ), Uapaca nitida (Mar, BMTZ), Uapaca sansibarica (Mar, BMTUZ), Vitex doniana (Mar, Black plum, BEKMRTUZ), Ximenia americana (Mar, False sandalwood, BEKMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Mar, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ)
- Flooring, Panelling
- Beehives Erythrina abyssinica (Pre, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Pre, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Pre, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Parinari curatellifolia (Pre, Mobola plum, BKMRTUZ), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Ficus sycomorus (Mar, Sycamore fig, BEKMRTUZ), Kigelia africana (Mar, Sausage tree, BEKMRTUZ)
- Veneer, Plywood Apodytes dimidiata (Pre, Pear wood, BEKMRTUZ), Sterculia africana (Pre, African star chestnut, EKMTZ)
- Tools, Tool handles, Shafts Manilkara mochisia (Cha, Milk berry, KMTZ), Albizia amara (Pre, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Apodytes dimidiata (Pre, Pear wood, BEKMRTUZ), Combretum molle (Pre, Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Garcinia livingstonei (Pre, African mangosteen, EKMTUZ), Grewia bicolor (Pre, Bastard brandy bush, BEKMRTUZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Pre, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Steganotaenia araliacea (Pre, Carrot tree, BEKMRTUZ), Syzygium guineense (Pre, Guinea waterberry, BEKMRTUZ), Azanza garckeana (Pre, Snot apple, KMTZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Pre, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Antidesma venosum (Mar, Tassel berry, BEKMTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Mar, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Mar, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Mar, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea racemosa (Mar, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Mar, Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Lonchocarpus capassa (Mar, Rain tree, MTZ), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Mar, Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Olea europaea (Mar, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Oxytenanthera abyssinica (Mar, Lowland bamboo, BEMTUZ), Psydrax parviflora (Mar, Lady of the night, EKMRTUZ), Pterocarpus angolensis (Mar, African teak, MTZ), Ximenia americana (Mar, False sandalwood, BEKMRTUZ)
- Carvings, Utensils, Walking stick, Bow, Arrow Manilkara mochisia (Cha, Milk berry, KMTZ), Boscia angustifolia (Pre, EKMRTUZ), Carissa spinarum (Pre, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Combretum imberbe (Pre, Leadwood, MTZ), Dalbergia melanoxylon (Pre, African blackwood, EKMTUZ), Diospyros mespiliformis (Pre, African ebony, BEKMTUZ), Dobera glabra (Pre, EKUZ), Erythrina abyssinica (Pre, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Pre, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Flueggea virosa (Pre, Simpleleaf bushweed, BEKMRTUZ), Garcinia livingstonei (Pre, African mangosteen, EKMTUZ), Grewia bicolor (Pre, Bastard brandy bush, BEKMRTUZ), Kirkia acuminata (Pre, White syringa, MTZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Pre, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Sterculia africana (Pre, African star chestnut, EKMTZ), Syzygium guineense (Pre, Guinea waterberry, BEKMRTUZ), Tamarindus indica (Pre, Tamarind, BEKMTUZ), Azanza garckeana (Pre, Snot apple, KMTZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Pre, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia gerrardii (Mar, Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Mar, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Mar, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Ficus sycomorus (Mar, Sycamore fig, BEKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Mar, Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Kigelia africana (Mar, Sausage tree, BEKMRTUZ), Lannea discolor (Mar, Live-long lannea, MZ), Lonchocarpus capassa (Mar, Rain tree, MTZ), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Mar, Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Olea europaea (Mar, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Oxytenanthera abyssinica (Mar, Lowland bamboo, BEMTUZ), Pterocarpus angolensis (Mar, African teak, MTZ), Schinziophyton rautanenii (Mar, Manketti tree, MTZ), Vitex doniana (Mar, Black plum, BEKMRTUZ), Ximenia americana (Mar, False sandalwood, BEKMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Mar, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ)
- Boat building Tamarindus indica (Pre, Tamarind, BEKMTUZ), Kigelia africana (Mar, Sausage tree, BEKMRTUZ), Pterocarpus angolensis (Mar, African teak, MTZ)
- Farm implements Albizia amara (Pre, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Boscia angustifolia (Pre, EKMRTUZ), Combretum imberbe (Pre, Leadwood, MTZ), Steganotaenia araliacea (Pre, Carrot tree, BEKMRTUZ), Azanza garckeana (Pre, Snot apple, KMTZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Euclea racemosa (Mar, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Mar, Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Kigelia africana (Mar, Sausage tree, BEKMRTUZ)
Human consumption
- Edible fruit, Edible nut, Edible seed Manilkara mochisia (Cha, Milk berry, KMTZ), Carissa spinarum (Pre, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Diospyros mespiliformis (Pre, African ebony, BEKMTUZ), Dobera glabra (Pre, EKUZ), Flueggea virosa (Pre, Simpleleaf bushweed, BEKMRTUZ), Garcinia livingstonei (Pre, African mangosteen, EKMTUZ), Grewia bicolor (Pre, Bastard brandy bush, BEKMRTUZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Pre, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Parinari curatellifolia (Pre, Mobola plum, BKMRTUZ), Rhoicissus tridentata (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Sideroxylon inerme (Pre, White milkwood, KTZ), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Syzygium guineense (Pre, Guinea waterberry, BEKMRTUZ), Tamarindus indica (Pre, Tamarind, BEKMTUZ), Azanza garckeana (Pre, Snot apple, KMTZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Pre, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Antidesma venosum (Mar, Tassel berry, BEKMTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Bauhinia petersiana (Mar, White bauhinia, MTZ), Berchemia discolor (Mar, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Mar, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea racemosa (Mar, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Ficus sycomorus (Mar, Sycamore fig, BEKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Mar, Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Landolphia kirkii (Mar, Zanzibar-rubber, BKMTZ), Lannea discolor (Mar, Live-long lannea, MZ), Lonchocarpus capassa (Mar, Rain tree, MTZ), Olea europaea (Mar, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Oncoba spinosa (Mar, Fried egg tree, BEKMTUZ), Phoenix reclinata (Mar, Wild date palm, BEKMRTUZ), Piliostigma thonningii (Mar, Camel's foot, BEKMRTUZ), Psydrax parviflora (Mar, Lady of the night, EKMRTUZ), Schinziophyton rautanenii (Mar, Manketti tree, MTZ), Rhus tenuinervis (Mar, Rolled-leaf currant, EKMTZ), Strychnos lucens (Mar, BMRTZ), Uapaca kirkiana (Mar, Wild loquat, BMTZ), Uapaca nitida (Mar, BMTZ), Uapaca sansibarica (Mar, BMTUZ), Vitex doniana (Mar, Black plum, BEKMRTUZ), Ximenia americana (Mar, False sandalwood, BEKMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Mar, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ)
- Vegetable, Edible leaves, Edible roots Carissa spinarum (Pre, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Abutilon angulatum (Mar, Elephant's ear, BEMRUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Piliostigma thonningii (Mar, Camel's foot, BEKMRTUZ)
- Seasoning, Flavouring Albizia amara (Pre, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Carissa spinarum (Pre, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Combretum molle (Pre, Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Tamarindus indica (Pre, Tamarind, BEKMTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Mar, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Mar, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Kigelia africana (Mar, Sausage tree, BEKMRTUZ), Olea europaea (Mar, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Mar, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ)
- Drink, Soup Carissa spinarum (Pre, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Diospyros mespiliformis (Pre, African ebony, BEKMTUZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Pre, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Tamarindus indica (Pre, Tamarind, BEKMTUZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Pre, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Mar, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Mar, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Kigelia africana (Mar, Sausage tree, BEKMRTUZ), Olea europaea (Mar, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Oxytenanthera abyssinica (Mar, Lowland bamboo, BEMTUZ), Phoenix reclinata (Mar, Wild date palm, BEKMRTUZ), Piliostigma thonningii (Mar, Camel's foot, BEKMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Mar, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ)
- Edible oil, Edible gum, Edible inner bark Albizia amara (Pre, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Dobera glabra (Pre, EKUZ), Sterculia africana (Pre, African star chestnut, EKMTZ), Acacia gerrardii (Mar, Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Ficus sycomorus (Mar, Sycamore fig, BEKMRTUZ), Piliostigma thonningii (Mar, Camel's foot, BEKMRTUZ), Schinziophyton rautanenii (Mar, Manketti tree, MTZ)
- Jam, Syrup
- Medicine Colophospermum mopane (Cha, Mopane, MZ), Manilkara mochisia (Cha, Milk berry, KMTZ), Albizia amara (Pre, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Albizia anthelmintica (Pre, Worm-bark false thorn, EKMTUZ), Allophylus africanus (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Apodytes dimidiata (Pre, Pear wood, BEKMRTUZ), Carissa spinarum (Pre, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Cassia abbreviata (Pre, Long-pod cassia, KMTZ), Combretum imberbe (Pre, Leadwood, MTZ), Combretum molle (Pre, Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Dalbergia melanoxylon (Pre, African blackwood, EKMTUZ), Diospyros mespiliformis (Pre, African ebony, BEKMTUZ), Dobera glabra (Pre, EKUZ), Erythrina abyssinica (Pre, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Pre, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Flueggea virosa (Pre, Simpleleaf bushweed, BEKMRTUZ), Garcinia livingstonei (Pre, African mangosteen, EKMTUZ), Grewia bicolor (Pre, Bastard brandy bush, BEKMRTUZ), Kirkia acuminata (Pre, White syringa, MTZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Pre, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Parinari curatellifolia (Pre, Mobola plum, BKMRTUZ), Rhoicissus tridentata (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Steganotaenia araliacea (Pre, Carrot tree, BEKMRTUZ), Sterculia africana (Pre, African star chestnut, EKMTZ), Sterculia quinqueloba (Pre, Large-leaved star chestnut, BMRTZ), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Syzygium guineense (Pre, Guinea waterberry, BEKMRTUZ), Tamarindus indica (Pre, Tamarind, BEKMTUZ), Azanza garckeana (Pre, Snot apple, KMTZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Pre, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Abutilon angulatum (Mar, Elephant's ear, BEMRUZ), Acacia gerrardii (Mar, Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Antidesma venosum (Mar, Tassel berry, BEKMTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Bauhinia petersiana (Mar, White bauhinia, MTZ), Berchemia discolor (Mar, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Boscia salicifolia (Mar, Willow-leaved boscia, EKMTUZ), Capparis tomentosa (Mar, Woolly caper-bush, BEKMRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Mar, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Mar, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea racemosa (Mar, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Ficus sycomorus (Mar, Sycamore fig, BEKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Mar, Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Kigelia africana (Mar, Sausage tree, BEKMRTUZ), Landolphia kirkii (Mar, Zanzibar-rubber, BKMTZ), Lannea discolor (Mar, Live-long lannea, MZ), Lonchocarpus capassa (Mar, Rain tree, MTZ), Margaritaria discoidea (Mar, Bushveld peacock-berry, BEKMTUZ), Markhamia obtusifolia (Mar, Golden bean tree, BKMRTZ), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Mar, Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Olea europaea (Mar, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Oncoba spinosa (Mar, Fried egg tree, BEKMTUZ), Phytolacca dodecandra (Mar, African soap berry, BEKMRTUZ), Piliostigma thonningii (Mar, Camel's foot, BEKMRTUZ), Psydrax parviflora (Mar, Lady of the night, EKMRTUZ), Pterocarpus angolensis (Mar, African teak, MTZ), Schinziophyton rautanenii (Mar, Manketti tree, MTZ), Rhus tenuinervis (Mar, Rolled-leaf currant, EKMTZ), Senna singueana (Mar, Scrambled egg, EKMRTUZ), Uapaca kirkiana (Mar, Wild loquat, BMTZ), Uapaca nitida (Mar, BMTZ), Uapaca sansibarica (Mar, BMTUZ), Vitex doniana (Mar, Black plum, BEKMRTUZ), Ximenia americana (Mar, False sandalwood, BEKMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Mar, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ)
Animal consumption
- Fodder Albizia amara (Pre, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Albizia anthelmintica (Pre, Worm-bark false thorn, EKMTUZ), Allophylus africanus (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Boscia angustifolia (Pre, EKMRTUZ), Carissa spinarum (Pre, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Dalbergia melanoxylon (Pre, African blackwood, EKMTUZ), Dobera glabra (Pre, EKUZ), Erythrina abyssinica (Pre, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Flueggea virosa (Pre, Simpleleaf bushweed, BEKMRTUZ), Garcinia livingstonei (Pre, African mangosteen, EKMTUZ), Grewia bicolor (Pre, Bastard brandy bush, BEKMRTUZ), Kirkia acuminata (Pre, White syringa, MTZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Pre, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Parinari curatellifolia (Pre, Mobola plum, BKMRTUZ), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Syzygium guineense (Pre, Guinea waterberry, BEKMRTUZ), Tamarindus indica (Pre, Tamarind, BEKMTUZ), Azanza garckeana (Pre, Snot apple, KMTZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Pre, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia gerrardii (Mar, Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Bauhinia petersiana (Mar, White bauhinia, MTZ), Berchemia discolor (Mar, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Boscia salicifolia (Mar, Willow-leaved boscia, EKMTUZ), Capparis tomentosa (Mar, Woolly caper-bush, BEKMRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Mar, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Mar, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Ficus sycomorus (Mar, Sycamore fig, BEKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Mar, Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Kigelia africana (Mar, Sausage tree, BEKMRTUZ), Lonchocarpus capassa (Mar, Rain tree, MTZ), Markhamia obtusifolia (Mar, Golden bean tree, BKMRTZ), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Mar, Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Oxytenanthera abyssinica (Mar, Lowland bamboo, BEMTUZ), Piliostigma thonningii (Mar, Camel's foot, BEKMRTUZ), Pterocarpus angolensis (Mar, African teak, MTZ), Schinziophyton rautanenii (Mar, Manketti tree, MTZ), Rhus tenuinervis (Mar, Rolled-leaf currant, EKMTZ), Uapaca nitida (Mar, BMTZ), Uapaca sansibarica (Mar, BMTUZ), Vitex doniana (Mar, Black plum, BEKMRTUZ), Ximenia americana (Mar, False sandalwood, BEKMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Mar, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ)
- Bee forage Manilkara mochisia (Cha, Milk berry, KMTZ), Albizia amara (Pre, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Albizia anthelmintica (Pre, Worm-bark false thorn, EKMTUZ), Allophylus africanus (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Apodytes dimidiata (Pre, Pear wood, BEKMRTUZ), Carissa spinarum (Pre, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Combretum molle (Pre, Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Dalbergia melanoxylon (Pre, African blackwood, EKMTUZ), Diospyros mespiliformis (Pre, African ebony, BEKMTUZ), Erythrina abyssinica (Pre, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Pre, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Parinari curatellifolia (Pre, Mobola plum, BKMRTUZ), Sterculia africana (Pre, African star chestnut, EKMTZ), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Syzygium guineense (Pre, Guinea waterberry, BEKMRTUZ), Tamarindus indica (Pre, Tamarind, BEKMTUZ), Azanza garckeana (Pre, Snot apple, KMTZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Pre, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Abutilon angulatum (Mar, Elephant's ear, BEMRUZ), Acacia gerrardii (Mar, Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Antidesma venosum (Mar, Tassel berry, BEKMTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Mar, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Mar, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Mar, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Mar, Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Kigelia africana (Mar, Sausage tree, BEKMRTUZ), Lonchocarpus capassa (Mar, Rain tree, MTZ), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Mar, Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Olea europaea (Mar, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Phoenix reclinata (Mar, Wild date palm, BEKMRTUZ), Phytolacca dodecandra (Mar, African soap berry, BEKMRTUZ), Piliostigma thonningii (Mar, Camel's foot, BEKMRTUZ), Psydrax parviflora (Mar, Lady of the night, EKMRTUZ), Pterocarpus angolensis (Mar, African teak, MTZ), Strychnos lucens (Mar, BMRTZ), Uapaca kirkiana (Mar, Wild loquat, BMTZ), Uapaca sansibarica (Mar, BMTUZ), Vitex doniana (Mar, Black plum, BEKMRTUZ), Ximenia americana (Mar, False sandalwood, BEKMRTUZ)
Environmental services
- Shade Manilkara mochisia (Cha, Milk berry, KMTZ), Albizia anthelmintica (Pre, Worm-bark false thorn, EKMTUZ), Diospyros mespiliformis (Pre, African ebony, BEKMTUZ), Dobera glabra (Pre, EKUZ), Erythrina abyssinica (Pre, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Erythrophleum suaveolens (Pre, Sasswood tree, KMTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Pre, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Garcinia livingstonei (Pre, African mangosteen, EKMTUZ), Grewia bicolor (Pre, Bastard brandy bush, BEKMRTUZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Pre, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Parinari curatellifolia (Pre, Mobola plum, BKMRTUZ), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Tamarindus indica (Pre, Tamarind, BEKMTUZ), Azanza garckeana (Pre, Snot apple, KMTZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Pre, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia gerrardii (Mar, Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Antidesma venosum (Mar, Tassel berry, BEKMTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Bauhinia petersiana (Mar, White bauhinia, MTZ), Berchemia discolor (Mar, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Boscia salicifolia (Mar, Willow-leaved boscia, EKMTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Mar, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Ficus sycomorus (Mar, Sycamore fig, BEKMRTUZ), Kigelia africana (Mar, Sausage tree, BEKMRTUZ), Landolphia kirkii (Mar, Zanzibar-rubber, BKMTZ), Olea europaea (Mar, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Piliostigma thonningii (Mar, Camel's foot, BEKMRTUZ), Psydrax parviflora (Mar, Lady of the night, EKMRTUZ), Rhus tenuinervis (Mar, Rolled-leaf currant, EKMTZ), Uapaca kirkiana (Mar, Wild loquat, BMTZ), Uapaca nitida (Mar, BMTZ), Vitex doniana (Mar, Black plum, BEKMRTUZ), Ximenia americana (Mar, False sandalwood, BEKMRTUZ)
- Ornamental, Avenue tree Albizia amara (Pre, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Apodytes dimidiata (Pre, Pear wood, BEKMRTUZ), Carissa spinarum (Pre, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Cassia abbreviata (Pre, Long-pod cassia, KMTZ), Diospyros mespiliformis (Pre, African ebony, BEKMTUZ), Erythrina abyssinica (Pre, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Erythrophleum suaveolens (Pre, Sasswood tree, KMTUZ), Garcinia livingstonei (Pre, African mangosteen, EKMTUZ), Parinari curatellifolia (Pre, Mobola plum, BKMRTUZ), Sterculia africana (Pre, African star chestnut, EKMTZ), Sterculia quinqueloba (Pre, Large-leaved star chestnut, BMRTZ), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Tamarindus indica (Pre, Tamarind, BEKMTUZ), Azanza garckeana (Pre, Snot apple, KMTZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Pre, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Abutilon angulatum (Mar, Elephant's ear, BEMRUZ), Antidesma venosum (Mar, Tassel berry, BEKMTUZ), Bauhinia petersiana (Mar, White bauhinia, MTZ), Berchemia discolor (Mar, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Boscia salicifolia (Mar, Willow-leaved boscia, EKMTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Mar, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea racemosa (Mar, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Ficus sycomorus (Mar, Sycamore fig, BEKMRTUZ), Kigelia africana (Mar, Sausage tree, BEKMRTUZ), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Mar, Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Olea europaea (Mar, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Oncoba spinosa (Mar, Fried egg tree, BEKMTUZ), Phoenix reclinata (Mar, Wild date palm, BEKMRTUZ), Piliostigma thonningii (Mar, Camel's foot, BEKMRTUZ), Psydrax parviflora (Mar, Lady of the night, EKMRTUZ), Pterocarpus angolensis (Mar, African teak, MTZ), Ximenia americana (Mar, False sandalwood, BEKMRTUZ)
- Mulch Albizia amara (Pre, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Combretum molle (Pre, Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Dalbergia melanoxylon (Pre, African blackwood, EKMTUZ), Erythrina abyssinica (Pre, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Sterculia africana (Pre, African star chestnut, EKMTZ), Tamarindus indica (Pre, Tamarind, BEKMTUZ), Azanza garckeana (Pre, Snot apple, KMTZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Ficus sycomorus (Mar, Sycamore fig, BEKMRTUZ), Piliostigma thonningii (Mar, Camel's foot, BEKMRTUZ), Vitex doniana (Mar, Black plum, BEKMRTUZ)
- Nitrogen fixation Albizia amara (Pre, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Albizia anthelmintica (Pre, Worm-bark false thorn, EKMTUZ), Dalbergia melanoxylon (Pre, African blackwood, EKMTUZ), Erythrina abyssinica (Pre, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Tamarindus indica (Pre, Tamarind, BEKMTUZ), Acacia gerrardii (Mar, Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Mar, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Piliostigma thonningii (Mar, Camel's foot, BEKMRTUZ), Pterocarpus angolensis (Mar, African teak, MTZ)
- Soil conservation, Soil improvement Albizia amara (Pre, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Allophylus africanus (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Combretum molle (Pre, Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Erythrina abyssinica (Pre, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Garcinia livingstonei (Pre, African mangosteen, EKMTUZ), Sterculia africana (Pre, African star chestnut, EKMTZ), Tamarindus indica (Pre, Tamarind, BEKMTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Mar, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea racemosa (Mar, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Ficus sycomorus (Mar, Sycamore fig, BEKMRTUZ), Oxytenanthera abyssinica (Mar, Lowland bamboo, BEMTUZ), Phoenix reclinata (Mar, Wild date palm, BEKMRTUZ), Phytolacca dodecandra (Mar, African soap berry, BEKMRTUZ), Piliostigma thonningii (Mar, Camel's foot, BEKMRTUZ), Pterocarpus angolensis (Mar, African teak, MTZ), Strychnos lucens (Mar, BMRTZ)
- River bank, Sand stabilization Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Tamarindus indica (Pre, Tamarind, BEKMTUZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Pre, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Capparis tomentosa (Mar, Woolly caper-bush, BEKMRTUZ), Ficus sycomorus (Mar, Sycamore fig, BEKMRTUZ), Kigelia africana (Mar, Sausage tree, BEKMRTUZ), Phoenix reclinata (Mar, Wild date palm, BEKMRTUZ)
- Windbreak Sterculia africana (Pre, African star chestnut, EKMTZ), Tamarindus indica (Pre, Tamarind, BEKMTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Mar, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Kigelia africana (Mar, Sausage tree, BEKMRTUZ), Olea europaea (Mar, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ)
Other products
- Fibre, Weaving, Rope Grewia bicolor (Pre, Bastard brandy bush, BEKMRTUZ), Kirkia acuminata (Pre, White syringa, MTZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Pre, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Rhoicissus tridentata (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Sterculia africana (Pre, African star chestnut, EKMTZ), Sterculia quinqueloba (Pre, Large-leaved star chestnut, BMRTZ), Azanza garckeana (Pre, Snot apple, KMTZ), Abutilon angulatum (Mar, Elephant's ear, BEMRUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Mar, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Dombeya rotundifolia (Mar, White dombeya, BEKMRTUZ), Ficus sycomorus (Mar, Sycamore fig, BEKMRTUZ), Markhamia obtusifolia (Mar, Golden bean tree, BKMRTZ), Phoenix reclinata (Mar, Wild date palm, BEKMRTUZ), Piliostigma thonningii (Mar, Camel's foot, BEKMRTUZ), Schinziophyton rautanenii (Mar, Manketti tree, MTZ)
- Thatch, Roofing, Mats, Baskets Euphorbia candelabrum (Pre, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Pre, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Sterculia africana (Pre, African star chestnut, EKMTZ), Sterculia quinqueloba (Pre, Large-leaved star chestnut, BMRTZ), Euclea racemosa (Mar, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Mar, Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Phoenix reclinata (Mar, Wild date palm, BEKMRTUZ)
- Resin, Gum, Glue, Latex Albizia amara (Pre, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Dobera glabra (Pre, EKUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Pre, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Sterculia africana (Pre, African star chestnut, EKMTZ), Sterculia quinqueloba (Pre, Large-leaved star chestnut, BMRTZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Berchemia discolor (Mar, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Ficus sycomorus (Mar, Sycamore fig, BEKMRTUZ), Landolphia kirkii (Mar, Zanzibar-rubber, BKMTZ)
- Basketry
- Tannin, Dye Albizia amara (Pre, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Albizia anthelmintica (Pre, Worm-bark false thorn, EKMTUZ), Carissa spinarum (Pre, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Cassia abbreviata (Pre, Long-pod cassia, KMTZ), Combretum imberbe (Pre, Leadwood, MTZ), Flueggea virosa (Pre, Simpleleaf bushweed, BEKMRTUZ), Garcinia livingstonei (Pre, African mangosteen, EKMTUZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Pre, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Parinari curatellifolia (Pre, Mobola plum, BKMRTUZ), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Syzygium guineense (Pre, Guinea waterberry, BEKMRTUZ), Tamarindus indica (Pre, Tamarind, BEKMTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Antidesma venosum (Mar, Tassel berry, BEKMTUZ), Bauhinia petersiana (Mar, White bauhinia, MTZ), Berchemia discolor (Mar, Bird cherry, EKMTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Mar, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Kigelia africana (Mar, Sausage tree, BEKMRTUZ), Landolphia kirkii (Mar, Zanzibar-rubber, BKMTZ), Phoenix reclinata (Mar, Wild date palm, BEKMRTUZ), Piliostigma thonningii (Mar, Camel's foot, BEKMRTUZ), Rhus tenuinervis (Mar, Rolled-leaf currant, EKMTZ), Senna singueana (Mar, Scrambled egg, EKMRTUZ), Uapaca sansibarica (Mar, BMTUZ), Vitex doniana (Mar, Black plum, BEKMRTUZ), Ximenia americana (Mar, False sandalwood, BEKMRTUZ)
- Live fence, Dead fence Albizia amara (Pre, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Carissa spinarum (Pre, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Combretum imberbe (Pre, Leadwood, MTZ), Erythrina abyssinica (Pre, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Pre, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Kirkia acuminata (Pre, White syringa, MTZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Pre, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Rhoicissus tridentata (Pre, BEKMRTUZ), Sterculia africana (Pre, African star chestnut, EKMTZ), Sterculia quinqueloba (Pre, Large-leaved star chestnut, BMRTZ), Ziziphus mucronata (Pre, Cape thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia gerrardii (Mar, Grey-haired acacia, BEKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Capparis tomentosa (Mar, Woolly caper-bush, BEKMRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Mar, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea racemosa (Mar, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Flacourtia indica (Mar, Indian plum, BEKMRTUZ), Lannea discolor (Mar, Live-long lannea, MZ), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Mar, Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Oxytenanthera abyssinica (Mar, Lowland bamboo, BEMTUZ), Piliostigma thonningii (Mar, Camel's foot, BEKMRTUZ), Schinziophyton rautanenii (Mar, Manketti tree, MTZ), Rhus tenuinervis (Mar, Rolled-leaf currant, EKMTZ), Ximenia americana (Mar, False sandalwood, BEKMRTUZ)
- Ceremonial Cassia abbreviata (Pre, Long-pod cassia, KMTZ), Dobera glabra (Pre, EKUZ), Erythrina abyssinica (Pre, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Pre, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Flueggea virosa (Pre, Simpleleaf bushweed, BEKMRTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Dichrostachys cinerea (Mar, Sickle bush, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Mar, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea racemosa (Mar, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Ficus sycomorus (Mar, Sycamore fig, BEKMRTUZ), Kigelia africana (Mar, Sausage tree, BEKMRTUZ), Olea europaea (Mar, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Oxytenanthera abyssinica (Mar, Lowland bamboo, BEMTUZ), Phoenix reclinata (Mar, Wild date palm, BEKMRTUZ)
- Traditional uses Erythrina abyssinica (Pre, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ)
- Toothbrushes Dobera glabra (Pre, EKUZ), Lannea schweinfurthii (Pre, False marula, EKMRTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Mar, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea racemosa (Mar, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Olea europaea (Mar, African wild olive, BEKMRTUZ), Rhus tenuinervis (Mar, Rolled-leaf currant, EKMTZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Mar, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ)
- Boundary marking
- Veterinary medicine, Vermifuge Albizia anthelmintica (Pre, Worm-bark false thorn, EKMTUZ), Boscia angustifolia (Pre, EKMRTUZ), Carissa spinarum (Pre, Arabian num-num, BEKMRTUZ), Combretum molle (Pre, Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Dobera glabra (Pre, EKUZ), Erythrina abyssinica (Pre, Red-hot-poker tree, BEKMRTUZ), Euphorbia candelabrum (Pre, Candelabra euphorbia, BEKMRTUZ), Tamarindus indica (Pre, Tamarind, BEKMTUZ), Acacia nilotica (Mar, Egyptian thorn, EKMTUZ), Euclea divinorum (Mar, Diamond-leaved euclea, BEKMRTUZ), Ficus sycomorus (Mar, Sycamore fig, BEKMRTUZ), Kigelia africana (Mar, Sausage tree, BEKMRTUZ), Ximenia americana (Mar, False sandalwood, BEKMRTUZ), Zanthoxylum chalybeum (Mar, Knobwood, BEKMRTUZ)
- Toxin, Insecticide, Repellent Erythrophleum suaveolens (Pre, Sasswood tree, KMTUZ), Syzygium cordatum (Pre, Waterberry tree, BKMRTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Commiphora africana (Mar, Poison-grub commiphora, EKMRTUZ), Phytolacca dodecandra (Mar, African soap berry, BEKMRTUZ), Ximenia americana (Mar, False sandalwood, BEKMRTUZ)
- Cosmetic, Soap, Perfume, Oil Albizia amara (Pre, Bitter albizia, EKMRTUZ), Parinari curatellifolia (Pre, Mobola plum, BKMRTUZ), Balanites aegyptiaca (Mar, Desert date, BEKRTUZ), Gymnosporia senegalensis (Mar, Confetti spike-thorn, BEKMRTUZ), Phytolacca dodecandra (Mar, African soap berry, BEKMRTUZ), Piliostigma thonningii (Mar, Camel's foot, BEKMRTUZ), Ximenia americana (Mar, False sandalwood, BEKMRTUZ)
- Brooms
- Smoke bath Combretum molle (Pre, Velvet bush willow, BEKMRTUZ), Euclea racemosa (Mar, Bush guarri, EKMRTUZ), Senna singueana (Mar, Scrambled egg, EKMRTUZ)
For more detailed information about the species occurrences see this excel workbook. It provides country specific information on species composition for this vegetation type. It also allows you to select a subset of useful tree species to provide desired products and services. For each species links to a number of websites / databases with information about this species are provided as well.
Conservation status
The table shows the area (km2) of the vegetation type and the percentage of this area explicitly designated for biodiversity, species or landscape protection (A) and areas designated for both protection and sustainable use objectives (B). Only the nationally designated protected areas were included.
| PNV | Area (km2) | A (%) | B (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| g/T | 18,436 | 17.20 | 25.40 |
A) Include the IUCN categories I - IV; B) Include the IUCN categories V - VI and the protected areas without IUCN classification. Read more
There are seven different International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) management categories, based on their principle management objectives. Six of these can be found in the VECEA region. Based on van Breugel et al. (2015), we reclassified these six categories into two groups. The first (A) is composed of the IUCN categories Ib, II, III and IV, all of which are explicitly designated for biodiversity, species or landscape protection. The second (B) is composed of IUCN category V, designated to protect a landscape created through interaction of people and nature, and VI, which is designated for both protection and sustainable use objectives. In group B we also included the protected areas not classified into one of the IUCN categories. These include different types of national or community forest reserves and areas that have a focus on wildlife or game management. It should be noted that the aggregation of the protected areas in these two groups (A and B) does not imply any assumptions from our side on the effectiveness of the management in these different categories.
Links
Species selection tool
Other vegetation types
//vegetationmap4africa.org
Documentation
Citation and terms of use
Click here for the full terms of use, disclaimer and errors and omissions statement that accompanies our data. When using our data, you agree with these terms.
Citation
Kindt R, van Breugel P, Orwa C, Lillesø JPB, Jamnadass R and Graudal L (2015) Useful tree species for Eastern Africa: a species selection tool based on the VECEA map. Version 2.0. World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) and Forest & Landscape Denmark. //vegetationmap4africa.org
van Breugel P, Kindt R, Lillesø JPB, Bingham M, Demissew S, Dudley C, Friis I, Gachathi F, Kalema J, Mbago F, Moshi HN, Mulumba, J, Namaganda M, Ndangalasi HJ, Ruffo CK, Védaste M, Jamnadass R and Graudal L (2015) Potential Natural Vegetation Map of Eastern Africa (Burundi, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia). Version 2.0. Forest and Landscape (Denmark) and World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF). URL: //vegetationmap4africa.org
van Breugel P, Kindt R, Lillesø J-PB, van Breugel M (2015) Environmental Gap Analysis to Prioritize Conservation Efforts in Eastern Africa. PLoS ONE 10(4): e0121444. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0121444
Terms of use
1) The data and tools on //vegetationmap4africa.org can be freely downloaded and used for educational, conservation and research purposes.
2) The recipient of the data will provide a full and appropriate acknowledgement and citation (see above) in any materials or publications derived in part or in whole from the data. For any publications making substantial use of the data, the VECEA team welcome the opportunity for coauthorship, collaboration and to comment prior to publication. Expressions of interest can be send using the contact form.
3) Reproduction of the dataset or products derived from it, either whole or in part, for commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission of the VECEA team. For the purposes of these Terms of Use, "commercial purposes" means a) any use by, on behalf of, or to inform or assist the activities of, a commercial entity (an entity that operates "for profit") or b) use by any non-profit entity for the purposes of revenue generation. If you require permission please email info@ecodiv.org
4) The recipient will not pass the original datasets on to third parties and will direct all requests for use of the data back to //vegetationmap4africa.org.
5) The recipient will not publish the data in their original format, either whole or in part, on a website, FTP site, CD, memory stick or any other media. The recipient should provide a link to the original data source location on the //vegetationmap4africa.org website where appropriate.
6) The recipient may only pass on datasets derived from these maps if the derived data are supplied with the same terms of use.
7) Use of these data does not constitute endorsement by the VECEA team or its partners of any derived products, reports or analyses.
8) The data are provided with additional supporting metadata, describing how they were compiled, ownership, type and quality of data, and limitations. The recipient must read all supporting information prior to any analysis and agree to abide by any stipulations contained therein. We cannot accept responsibility for the consequences of errors or omissions in the data, for misuse of the data by any organisation or individual, or for any damage done to computing systems into which the data are entered (see Disclaimer below).
9) The VECEA team will be informed about any products published using these data
Disclaimer
The VECEA team and its partners make no warranties or representations, express or implied, regarding the use of the material appearing in this dataset with regard to their correctness, reliability, accuracy, or otherwise. The material and geographic designations in this dataset do not imply the expressions of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the VECEA team, the Copenhagen University or the World Agroforestry Center concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, nor concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The VECEA team, the Copenhagen University nor the World Agroforestry Center shall be responsible or liable to any person, firm or corporation for any loss, damage, injury, claim or liability of any kind or character based on or resulting from any information contained in the dataset.
Errors and omissions
The VECEA team endeavour to maintain accurate and up-to-date data at all times. However, if errors or omissions are identified, the user should notify the VECEA team so that they can be corrected in future releases of the data. Users can contact the VECEA team using the contact form.
© 2015 VECEA team.
All rights reserved. For questions or comments, please contact
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